There are many Inventions that Changed the World drastically. Quite of these inventions are accidental, popular and amazing to know about. I am sure you have an idea what I am talking about? If you can’t guess it out, I will be listing out some of the major Inventions that rocked the civilization.
You know the importance of the incandescent bulb, and how has it revolutionized the working throughout the day. The compass, the wheel, nail, printing press, internal combustion engine, the telephone, penicillin, internet, and contraceptives, are other such revolutionary inventions that changed the world as to how it works.
1. THE Wheel
Before, the invention of the wheel transportation of heavy stuff by land was very tough for Homo sapiens. Men himself used to carry those heavy loads. Later, he began torturing the animals such as donkeys, oxen, horses, and elephants to let them carry the total load.
After, the invention of the wheel transportation of materials from one place to another became effortless. Wheels eased the job of carrying heavy loads across distances.
Evidence indicates the wheel was invented around 3500 B.C. in Lower Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq), an idea came to one of the people who was living in Mesopotamia. He cut a disc from the trunk of a tree and made a hole in its center and inserted rotating axles into solid discs of wood. However, the wheel he invented was not used for transportation but pottery.
This innovation of the wheels led to major advances in two main areas. First, transport: the wheel began to be used on carts and battle chariots. Second, and more importantly, it contributed to agriculture.
2. THE COMPASS
A compass is an instrument that has a magnetic needle that indicates the direction. It is one of the most important instruments for navigation orientation. Ancient mariners used the stars for navigation, but this method didn’t work during the day or on cloudy nights, making it dangerous to travel far from land.
The first compass was invented in China during the Han dynasty between the 2nd Century B.C. and 1st Century A.D. It was made of lodestone, a naturally magnetized ore of iron, but later a magnetized steel needle is used as the main part of a compass. It was used for navigation for the first time during the Song Dynasty, between the 11th and 12th centuries.
3. THE NAIL
A nail is a slender metal shaft that is pointed at one end and flattened at the other end. They are used to fasten one or more objects with a tool, such as a hammer or a nail gun. Nails are most commonly used in woodworking and construction.
The inventions of nails became possible only after humans developed the ability to cast and shape metal. It’s unknown exactly when nails were first invented, but archaeological evidence shows nails were used in Ancient Egypt around 3,400 B.C.
All nails were made of bronze and their shape and design were similar to that of modern nails. Regardless, it’s safe to say that the modern nail is thousands of years old.
4. THE PRINTING PRESS
The printing press is a form of technology machine by which text and images are transferred from movable type to paper or other media. In this sense, it is a means of transferring ink from an inked surface and the medium.
Before the invention of the printing press, any writings and drawings had to be completed painstakingly by hand. Wooden blocks were carved and inked to print pages, but the problem with carved was they could only be used once. Many books were written and illustrated by hand, making each copy unique.
Johannes Gutenberg (Johannes Gensfleisch Zur Laden zum Gutenberg) born in 1400 was a German inventor, printer, publisher, and goldsmith. Gutenberg introduced the mechanical movable-type printing press to Europe between 1440 to 1450.
inventors in China and Korea — had developed movable types made from metal, Gutenberg was the first to create a mechanized process that transferred the ink from the movable type to paper. Which, allowed books to be printed more quickly.
5. THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
In the internal combustion engine, the burning of petrol, oil, gas, or other fuels with an oxidizer (usually air) releases a high-temperature gas. Which is used to drive a piston. Thus, combustion engines convert chemical energy into mechanical work.
Since the early 17th century, a large number of scientists were experimenting to create an internal combustion engine. In 1860 Jean Joseph Etienne Lenoir created the first commercially successful internal combustion engine. At the time, the engine was able to power a three-wheeled car that could go about 3.21 km per hour.
Moving forward, in 1876 a German engineer named Nicolaus August Otto successfully developed the world’s first four-stroke engine. It was working more efficiently than the parental combustion engine therefore, it was named a modern engine. The same year, Sir Douglas Clerk successfully created the first two-stroke engine.
6. THE LIGHT BULB
The light bulb or electric incandescent lamp is a source of artificial light that works by incandescence. The lightbulb and lamp are enclosed within a transparent or translucent shell, filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen.
The invention of the light bulb changed the planet Earth by removing our dependence on natural light. Thomas Alva Edison was neither the first nor the only person trying to develop this revolutionary technology 18th century. Evidence claim there were over 20 inventors who were trying to invent the light bulb. Thomas Alva Edison credited as the inventor of the bulb because, he was created a fully functional lighting system, including a generator and wiring in 1879.
7. THE TELEPHONE
The term telephone is derived from the Greek: τῆλε, tēle, “far” and φωνή, phōnē, “voice”, together meaning “distant voice”.
A telephone is the electrical system of communication developed for the simultaneous transmission and reception of the human voice. Telephones are affordable and easy to use. It offered us an immediate, personal type of communication.
You can talk directly to anyone around the world with the help of the telephone. Billions of telephone users are in the world. Usually, the telephone exchanges the messages of the sender and receiver.
Before the invention of the telephones, telegrams were the major form of communication. A telegram is a message that is electronically and then printed and delivered to the receiver’s address. In the past, telegrams were sent by an electrical telegraph operator using Morse code. Telegram users were limited to receiving and sending one message at a time.
Several inventors did experiments on electronic voice transmission. But a Scottish inventor Alexander Graham Bell built the telephone successfully in 1876. Three days later 10 March 1876, Alexander Graham Bell made the first telephone call to his assistant, Thomas Watson. And said these famous words, “Mr. Watson – come here – I want to see you.”
8. PENICILLIN
Penicillins are a group of antibacterial drugs. It is used for certain infections caused by bacteria such as pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections.
The Discovery of penicillin is one of the greatest discoveries in history. In 1928 Dr. Alexander Fleming observed in his lab that a bacteria-filled Petri dish had become contaminated with a mold, and the bacteria were dead. he soon found out that the mold produced a chemical that could kill bacteria. Moving forward, chemists purified it and developed the anti-bacterial drug (penicillin).
9. THE INTERNET
The Internet is a global network that connects computers all over the world. Through the Internet, people can share information and communicate from one place to across the world.
In the 1960s, several computer scientists were working for the U.S. Defense Department’s ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) and they developed a network to connect the computers in the agency, called ARPANET.
ARPANET, the predecessor of the internet. In 1970 two scientists Robert Kahn and Vinton Cerf, developed the most important communication protocols for the internet, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP). according to computer scientist Harry R. Lewis in his book “Ideas That Created the Future: these two people are often considered “inventors of the internet”.
10. CONTRACEPTIVES
Birth control also known as contraception, is any method, medicine, sexual practices, surgical procedures, or device used to prevent pregnancy. women can choose many different ways to prevent pregnancy. Some work better than others at preventing pregnancy.
Effective contraception allows a couple to enjoy their physical relationship without fear of pregnancy and ensures the freedom to have children when desired. Some methods, like female and male condoms, provide double advantages: first pregnancy prevention, and second protection from sexually transmitted diseases.
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